
写真上:カンポンチキンをウリにしているChicken Houseというチキンライス屋。鶏の皮は黄色が強く、肉は弾力がある。カンポンチキンはどうあれ、ここのチキンライスは結構人気が高い。
Do you know what kampong chicken is? And if you do then, what defines kampong chicken? That differs whether you live in Singapore or in Malaysia. Since this is a Singapore food blog, I will refer to the one in Singapore. There are chicken rice places that market themselves by selling kampong chicken. Mass conception of kampong chicken is probably this (I wouldn't use the term "organic" here because there is no universal definition): leaner and healthier type of chicken which is free range as opposed to broiler chickens. They are simply leaner because they are free range and are not raised by the usual conventional method (like broiler chickens).
First of all, from where does Singapore get their poultry? I have intensely browsed through AVA (Agri-food and Veterinary Authority of Singapore) website and actually, these people were even kind enough to respond to me if I had any further questions regarding poultry -they were fast and efficient. Singapore does have a poultry farm at restricted places. But because of the avian flu issue, there are no guided tours at these poultry farms and places are strictly restricted. Apart from local poultry farm, live poultry can only come from AVA accredited poultry farm from Malaysia (as of March 2012 there are 129 accredited poultry farms). Chilled poultry is strictly prohibited as of now according to my email exchange with AVA officials, all must come otherwise frozen. AVA approved frozen poultry (chicken) come from: Australia, Argentina, Belgium, Brazil, China, France, Germany, Hungary, Malaysia, New Zealand, Taiwan, and Thailand. Recently, I emailed AVA, whether it is possible for me to buy frozen free-range chicken in Singapore. The AVA officials kindly informed me that: "overseas meat establishments are accredited based on the animal health status of the country and the conditions (such as the production flow, health control & etc) of the establishment. As such, we regret to inform that we are unable to accede to your request for the country of supplying free range frozen poultry"(23 March 2012).
Live poultry can only come from West Malaysia and nowhere else. To date, AVA does not approve any so-called free-range poultry from W. Malaysia (or anywhere else) meaning, if the definition of kampong chicken is free-range then live kampong chicken (or frozen ones from other accredited countries) does not exist in Singapore. Even the local poultry farms cannot raise their poultry free range. Farmers and residents at Pulau Ubin (one of Singapore's islets) were asked to remove all free range poultry in June 2005. All bird needs to be caged to prevent direct contact with wild birds. I guess, if they are caged but have an ample space to roam around restricted area, then I guess that is almost like free range except they do not get enough sun light like the outdoors... and must feed on what the farmers give as a feed, but it's difficult for me to say if the raised poultry are in such condition in W. Malaysia -it may not make good sense to the farm owners who are capitalism driven. Hence, I don't understand how one of the major chicken rice chain of stores on their homepage could state that "free range chicken served here are lean and healthy" -that's quite a statement.
So when you see "kampong chicken" at the restaurant, wet markets or anywhere else, remember they are not really "free range." But then what is it? It is only a specific breed of chicken known in the market as "the kampong chicken". Anyhow, if you are indeed looking simply for lean and healthy chicken option, eat kampong chicken although as far as I understand, are raised like broilers. It's becoming a marketing term.